Solitary Wicca
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The Pentagram

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The pentagram has long been believed to be a patent protection against evil, a symbol that shields the wearer and the home.

It has five spiked wards and a womb shaped defensive, protective pentagon at the centre.
There are five elements in the Wiccan world: four that are matter (Earth, Air, Fire, Water) and Spirit. These are arranged around the points.
The elements are placed in order of density - Spirit, Fire, Air, Water, Earth. Earth and Fire are basal, fixed. Air and Water are free, flowing.
In ritual, the pentagram is sometimes drawn in the air using the hand or the athame. Drawn one way it is used for invoking the elements, the opposite for banishing the elements.
Single point upwards represents the Spirit ruling matter. It is a symbol of rightness. With two points up and Spirit downwards, it represents suvservience, the emphasis is on the carnal nature of man.
 

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Open
A pentagram may be open, without a circle around it. This is the active form symbolizing an outgoing of oneself, prepared for conflict, aware, active. As a Wiccan religious symbol, the open pentagram represents an open, active approach.

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Closed
A circle around a pentagram contains and protects. The circle symbolises eternity and infinity, the cycles of life and of nature. The circled pentagram is the passive form implying spiritual containment of the magick circle the individual nature of the Wiccan religious path.

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Inverted
The implication of inversion of a pentagram is that the spirit is subservient to matter, man subservient to his carnal desires. It has come to represent the dark side, and is considered a symbol of evil by Christians. In the 1940s Gerald Gardner adopted the inverted pentagram as a symbol of second degree initiation in the newly emergent, neo-pagan rituals in what was to become Wicca. It represents the need of the witch to learn to face the darkness within so it will not rise to take control. First degree uses a downward pointing triangle, third degree uses one-point up pentagram together with an upright triangle.

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Next Sabbat: Eostre, 21st March 2007